LOCATION CAPAC              MI

CAPAC SERIES

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Aquic Glossudalfs

TYPICAL PEDON: Capac fine sandy loam - on a 2 percent convex slope about 130 feet long with a northwest aspect in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap--0 to 8 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) fine sandy loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak very thick platy structure parting to moderate very fine subangular blocky; friable; about 2 percent gravel; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (5 to 12 inches thick)

B/E--8 to 15 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay loam (Bt); brown (10YR 5/3) very pale brown (10YR7/3) dry, coating of sandy loam on faces of peds (E); moderate medium subangular blocky structure; firm; common distinct brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; common fine distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix, many coarse distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and many coarse prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; about 2 percent gravel; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (3 to 17 inches thick)

Bt--15 to 20 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) clay loam; weak very thick platy structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm; common prominent brown (10YR 4/3) clay films on faces of peds; few medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) and common medium distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions and many medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; about 2 percent gravel; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (5 to 32 inches thick)

BC--20 to 24 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam; weak thick platy structure parting to moderate thin platy; friable; common medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) and grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions in the matrix, common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and common medium prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; about 2 percent gravel; moderately alkaline; abrupt wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)

C--24 to 80 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam; strong very thick platy structure parting to moderate very fine subangular blocky; friable; common fine distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) iron depletions and common coarse distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation in the matrix; about 2 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Barry County, Michigan about 1 1/2 miles from the town of Woodland; 216 feet south and 1,584 feet east of the northwest corner of Section 28, T. 4 N., R. 7 W., Woodland Township; USGS Woodland topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees, 42 minutes, 43 seconds N., and long. 85 degrees 08 minutes, 53 seconds W., NAD 27.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of the solum and depth to carbonates ranges from 18 to 40 inches. Rock fragments, dominantly gravel, ranges from 0 to 10 percent in the solum and from 0 to 15 percent in the C horizon.

The Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 1 to 3. The value dry is 6. Some pedons have an A horizon, 1 to 4 inches thick, that has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. The A p or A horizon is loam, silt loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam. It is moderately acid to neutral.

Some pedons have a thin E horizon, 1 to 6 inches thick, that has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 1 to 3.

The E part of the B/E horizon occurs as 2 to 5 mm thick coatings on the faces of peds. The E horizon is clay loam, loam, silt loam, fine sandy loam, or sandy loam. The B part of the B/E horizon has hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8. It is clay loam, loam or sandy loam.

The Bt horizon has hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 6. The Bt horizon is clay loam, sandy clay loam, silty clay loam, or loam. It ranges from 18 to 35 clay, but typically is about 25 percent. It is moderately acid to neutral.

The BC horizon has hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 6. It is loam or clay loam. It is neutral to moderately alkaline. Some pedons do not have a BC horizon.

The C horizon has hue of 5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 6. It is loam or clay loam. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.

COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Capac soils are on moraines and till plains of Wisconsin age. Slope gradients range from 0 to 6 percent. The mean annual precipitation ranges from 28 to 36 inches, and the mean annual temperature ranges from about 44 to 48 degrees F.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: The moderately well drained Marlette soils and poorly drained Parkhill soils are in a drainage sequence with the Capac soils. The somewhat poorly drained Wixom, Metamora and Selfridge soils have coarser textured upper sola.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. The soil has an apparent seasonal high water table that ranges from 0.5 foot to 1.5 feet below the surface sometime from September to May. The potential for surface runoff is negligible to high. Permeability is moderately slow.

USE AND VEGETATION: This soil is used to grow corn, beans, sugar beets, small grains, and grass-legume hay. A small part is in hardwood forest, pasture, or remains idle.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The Lower Peninsula of Michigan. The series is of large extent.

MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Sanilac County, Michigan, 1955.

REMARKS: The Capac pedon is being moved from Sanilac County, Michigan to Barry County, Michigan to better represent the dominant condition of the Capac series in Michigan. This revision also changes the classification from a fine-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Aeric Endoaqualfs to the current classification.

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to 8 inches (Ap horizon);
glossic horizon - the zone from 8 to 15 inches (B/E horizon);
argillic horizon - the zone from 8 to 20 inches (B/E and Bt horizon);
aquic moisture - the zone from 8 to 20 inches with iron depletions (B/E and Bt horizon)