LOCATION CANTON BEND ALEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, semiactive, thermic Ultic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Canton Bend fine sandy loam--cultivated.
(Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise
stated.)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) fine sandy loam; weak
fine granular structure; friable; common fine roots; slightly
acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 8 inches thick)
B21t--7 to 18 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/8) silty clay
loam; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots; thin patchy clay films on faces of most peds; few fine
flakes of mica; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (8 to 20 inches thick)
B22t--18 to 33 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/8) silty clay
loam; few medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) mottles; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few fine roots;
thin patchy clay films on faces of most peds; few black stains and small concretions; few fine flakes of mica; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (8 to 16 inches thick)
B23t--33 to 52 inches; yellowish red (5YR 4/6) clay loam;
common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) and pale brown (10YR 6/3) mottles; weak fine subangular blocky structure;
friable; thin patchy clay films on faces of few peds; few black stains; common fine flakes of mica; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (12 to 20 inches thick)
B3--52 to 62 inches; mottled yellowish red (5YR 4/6), pale
brown (10YR 6/3), and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; clay films on faces of a few peds; few black stains; many fine flakes of mica; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (8 to 12 inches thick)
C--62 to 80 inches; mottled yellowish red (5YR 4/6), pale
brown (10YR 6/3), and yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) stratified fine sandy loam and loam; massive; friable; many fine flakes of mica; strongly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Dallas County, Alabama; 6 miles east of Selma and
1 1/2 miles southwest of Everdale Church, 50 feet east of road. SE1/4NE1/4 sec. 7, T. 16 N., R. 12 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from about 40 to more than 60 inches. Depth to rock is more than 8 feet.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 3 through 5, and chroma of 2 through 4. It is loam, silt loam, sandy loam or fine sandy loam. It ranges from slightly acid through strongly acid.
The B21t and B22t horizons have hue of 5YR or 2.5YR, value of 4 or
5, and chroma of 6 or 8, usually mottled with shades of brown, yellow, and red. The B23t horizon has similar colors and mottles
but also includes strong brown (7.5YR 5/6, 5/8) matrix color.
The B2t horizon is clay loam, silty clay loam, or silty clay.
Clay content in the upper 20 inches of the B2t horizon ranges from
35 to 45 percent, and averages about 37 percent. Silt content
ranges from 30 to 55 percent.
The B3 horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 5YR, value of 4 or 5, and
chroma of 6 or 8, usually mottled in shades of brown, yellow, and
red or is mottled in shades of red, brown, and yellow. It is loam
or fine sandy loam.
The C horizon has the same colors as the B3 horizon. It is loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loamy sand and is commonly stratified. Gravelly strata may occur in some pedons.
COMPETING SERIES: These include the
Brantley,
Capshaw,
Enon,
Gundy,
Hampshire,
Maben,
Mecklenburg,
Meth,
Spray and
Zion series
of the same family and the
Masada,
McQueen,
Pamunkey, and
Wickham series. Brantley soils, on Coastal Plain uplands, do not have
mica in the upper part of the sola, typically have subsoils with
more yellow hue, and have less than 30 percent silt in the control section. Capshaw and Hampshire soils are underlain by hard
limestone at depths of less than 60 inches. Enon, Mecklenburg,
and Zion soils are underlain by hard, basic crystalline rocks at depths less than 60 inches. Gundy soils are underlain by rippable bedrock at depths of less than 60 inches. Maben soils are
underlain by stratified micaceous sands and shales at depths of
less than 60 inches. Meth soils have less than 30 percent silt in the control section. Spray soils have sola less than 20 inches thick. Masada and McQueen soils have less than 35 percent base saturation. Pamunkey soils have less than 35 percent clay in the control section. Wickham soils have less than 35 percent clay in
the control section and also have less than 35 percent base saturation.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These soils occur on level to gently
undulating low stream terraces. They are subject to rare or occasional flooding. The soil formed in marine or stream deposits
of stratified fine and medium textured materials, high in mica. Slopes range from 0 to 6 percent. The climate is warm and humid
with the mean annual temperature of 65 degrees F. and mean annual precipitation of 53 inches near the type location.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing
Wickham series and the
Angie,
Annemaine, and
Lenoir series. Angie and Annemaine soils have gray mottles in the upper 24 inches of the solum. Lenoir soils are wetter and are saturated with water at
some period during the year.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; medium to slow runoff. Permeability is slow.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of this soil is cleared and used for soybeans, cotton, corn, and improved pasture. Natural vegetation consists of pine and mixed hardwood of gum, oaks, hickory, and hackberry.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Alabama and possibly Mississippi. The series is of small extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Auburn, Alabama
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Dallas County, Alabama; 1977.
REMARKS: Canton Bend soils have been included with the McQueen series. The type location was changed from the Lower Coastal
Plain Substratum in Wilcox County to Dallas County where a
sizeable acreage has been mapped
ADDITIONAL DATA: Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station sample S73-Ala-24-5-(1-5).