LOCATION BUSE MN+ND SDEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Calciudolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Buse loam with a convex slope of 5 percent on a glacial moraine in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loam, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine and medium roots throughout; common fine irregular masses of lime; about 2 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth boundary. (7 to 10 inches thick)
Bk1--8 to 22 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common medium irregular masses of lime; about 2 percent gravel; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
Bk2--22 to 40 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common coarse irregular carbonate threads; few fine distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) relic Fe depletions and prominent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) relic Fe concentrations; about 2 percent gravel; strongly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary. (combined thickness of the Bk horizons is 6 to 50 inches)
C--40 to 60 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) loam; massive; friable; common medium distinct grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) relic Fe depletions and few prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) relic Fe and concentrations; about 2 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Otter Tail County, Minnesota; about 5 miles south of Fergus Falls; 2400 feet east and 155 feet south of the NW corner, sec. 34, T. 132 N., R. 43 W., USGS Dayton Hollow Dam quadrangle, latitude 46 degrees 12 minutes 34 seconds N., longitude 96 degrees 04 minutes 11 seconds W., NAD27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The mollic epipedon ranges from 7 to 10 inches in thickness. Free carbonates typically are at the surface or are in all parts of the upper 7 inches when mixed. The rock fragment content ranges from 2 to 10 percent throughout. The 10 to 40 inch control section averages between 18 and 30 percent clay and between 15 and 40 percent of fine sand and coarser particles.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 1 or 2. It is loam or clay loam. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline. Calcium carbonate equivalent ranges from 1 to 25 percent.
The Bk horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6 and chroma of 2 to 4. It is loam or clay loam. It has few to many segregations of lime. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline. Calcium carbonate equivalent ranges from 15 to 40 percent.
The C horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 10YR, value of 4 to 6 and chroma of 2 to 6. It is loam or clay loam. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline. Calcium carbonate equivalent ranges from 10 to 20 percent. Relic Fe depletions and concentrations may occur in this horizon.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Buse soils have slightly to strongly convex slopes in glacial moraines. Slope gradient ranges from 3 to 60 percent. The Buse soils formed in calcareous till of the Wisconsinan Age. Mean annual air temperature is about 36 to 45 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation is about 16 to 24 inches. Frost free days are 120 to 150 days. Elevation above sea level ranges from 1,000 to 1,600 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Aastad, Aazdahl, Barnes, Flom, Forman, Formdale, Hamerly, Langhei, Sioux, Svea, Vienna, and Waukon soils. Aastad and Svea soils have cambic horizons and thicker mollic epipedons. Barnes, Flom, Forman, Vienna and Waukon soils have Bw or Bt horizons, thicker sola and lack free calcium carbonate in the upper part of solum. Hamerly soils have calcic horizons and have lower chroma in the upper part of the C horizon. Langhei soils do not have a mollic epipedon. Sioux soils are coarse textured and excessively drained.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Surface runoff is moderately low on the lesser slopes and very high on steep slopes. Permeability is moderate or moderately slow.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mostly cultivated on lower slopes. Principal crops are corn, soybeans, small grains, and hay. Steeper sloping areas are used for pasture and hayland. Native vegetation is mostly tall prairie grasses with some mid and short prairie grasses in the western part of the range.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Western Minnesota, northeastern South Dakota, and eastern North Dakota. Extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Bismarck, North Dakota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Otter Tail County, Minnesota, 1951.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features are: mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth of 7 inches (A horizon); calcic horizon - the zone from 8 to 40 inches (Bk horizons); udic moisture regime.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil Interpretation record numbers MN0142-moderate permeability; MN0317-moderately slow permeability.