LOCATION BURLEWASH TXEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, thermic Ultic Paleustalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Burlewash fine sandy loam, on a convex 3 percent slope, in wooded rangeland. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 6 inches; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) fine sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; massive; hard, friable; slightly sticky and nonplastic; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick)
Bt--6 to 21 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/2) clay, dark brown (7.5YR 4/2) moist; weak medium angular blocky structure; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; many clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (12 to 23 inches thick)
BCt--21 to 27 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) clay loam; dark brown (10YR 4/3) moist; few fine faint very pale brown mottles; weak medium angular blocky structure; hard, firm, sticky and plastic; patchy clay films on faces of peds; very strongly acid; clear irregular boundary. (0 to 8 inches thick)
Cr--27 to 40 inches; white (10YR 8/2) thinly bedded tuffaceous sandstone, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) moist; few fine distinct brownish yellow mottles; few dark grayish brown mottles.
TYPE LOCATION: Washington County, Texas; from intersection of Farm Roads 2780 and 1697, 0.7 mile west of Burton Texas, go 6.3 miles west on Farm Road 2780; 0.2 mile west of entrance to Goodrich Ranch; 100 feet southwest of road fence in pasture.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 20 to 40 inches, and corresponds to depth to a paralithic contact with tuffaceous sandstone, or siltstone. Base saturation is typically about 50 percent but ranges from 35 to 75 percent throughout the argillic horizon. Mottles of chroma 2 in the matrix of the argillic horizon are inherited from the parent material. COLE exceeds 0.09 in the Bt horizon; however, the potential linear extensibility is less than 6 cm. Content of siliceous pebbles ranges from none to few throughout the control section.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 2 or 3. Where values are 5, the horizon is less than 7 inches thick. Texture of the A horizon is mainly fine sandy loam or loamy sand, but ranges to their gravelly or very gravelly counterparts. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to medium acid.
The Bt horizon has hue of 2.5YR, 5YR or 7.5YR, value of 3 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 6. Mottles in shades of yellow or brown range from none to few.
The Bt horizon is clay or sandy clay. Structure is weak or moderate, medium angular blocky. Reaction of the Bt horizon ranges from strongly acid to extremely acid.
The BCt horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 to 4. Mottles in shades of brown or yellow range from few to common. Texture is sandy clay loam, clay loam or clay. Reaction is very strongly acid or strongly acid.
The Cr horizon consists of beds of tuffaceous siltstone, sandstone, and tuffaceous clay, stratified with layers of fine sandy loam. Colors are variable with shades of gray, brown, and yellow predominating.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series is the same family. Other competing series are the Arol, Arriola, Axtell, Crockett, Darst, Falba, Jedd, Lufkin, Rosanky, and Travis. Arol and Falba soils have base saturation greater than 75 percent in some part of the argillic horizon. In addition Arol and Falba soils have low chroma mottles due to wetness within 30 inches of the surface. Arriola soils have udic moisture regimes. Axtell, Crockett, Darst, Lufkin, and Travis soils lack paralithic contacts. In addition, Axtell and Crockett soils have mottled upper Bt horizons, and Lufkin soils are dominated by low chroma colors that are due to wetness. Darst and Travis soils have mixed mineralogy. Jedd soils lack a paralithic contact, have mixed mineralogy, and contain more than 30 percent sandstone fragments in the A horizon. Rosanky soils lack a paralithic contact and have mixed mineralogy.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Burlewash soils occur on gently sloping to steep plane to convex uplands. Slopes are mainly 3 to 5 percent but range from 1 to 45 percent. These soils formed from tuffaceous sandstones, siltstones, clays, and ash beds of the Catahoula and associated formations of Miocene age. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 35 to 45 inches and mean annual temperature ranges from 64 to 70 degrees F. Frost free days range from 260 to 280 days and elevation ranges from 150 to 500 feet. Thornthwaite P-E indices ranges from 48 to 64.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Arol, Axtell, and Lufkin series and the Koether, Rehburg, and Shalba series. Arol, Falba, and Lufkin soils are on nearby flatter areas. Axtell soils are on nearby higher and smoother areas. Koether soils have a lithic contact within 20 inches and are on similar slopes. Rehburg soils are on nearby slopes and have a loamy argillic horizon. Shalba soils are on similar positions and have a solum that is less than 20 inches thick.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Runoff is medium to rapid. Permeability is very slow.
USE AND VEGETATION: Used for improved pasture or range. Native vegetation is scattered post oak, blackjack oak, cedar, and yaupon, with an understory of mid and tall prairie grasses. Also, a part of the Lost Pine area of Fayette County are included.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Mainly in eastern and south-central Texas. The series is moderately extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Washington County, Texas; 1978.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - 0 to 6 inches (A horizon)
Argillic horizon- 6 to 21 inches (Bt and BCt horizons)
Paralithic contact - at 27 inches contact with tuffaceous sandstone. Ultic feature - Base saturation by field kit indicates 40 to 55 percent.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Base saturation by field kits for 2 pedons in Washington county indicate 56 and 54 percent base saturation and 2 pedons in Grimes county indicate 36 to 46 base saturation.