LOCATION BROWNSVILLE OH+KYEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy-skeletal, mixed, active, mesic Typic Dystrudepts
TYPICAL PEDON: Brownsville channery silt loam - on 24
percent convex north-facing slope in woodland. (Colors are
for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 2 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2)
channery silt loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate
fine and medium granular structure; friable; many fine
roots, common medium roots, few coarse roots; 20 percent
coarse fragments; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth
boundary. (2 to 5 inches thick)
E--2 to 6 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) channery silt loam,
pale brown (10YR 6/3) dry; moderate medium platy structure
parting to moderate fine granular; friable; common fine
roots, few medium and coarse roots; 20 percent coarse
fragments; very strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to
6 inches thick and in cultivated pedons the E horizon is
commonly mixed in with the AP horizon)
Bw1--6 to 19 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) channery
silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; friable;
common fine roots; 30 percent coarse fragments; strongly
acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bw2--19 to 30 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very
channery silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure;
friable; few fine roots; few faint yellowish brown (10YR
5/4) clay films lining old root channels; 45 percent coarse fragments; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary.
Bw3--30 to 41 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very
channery loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure;
friable; few fine roots; few faint yellowish brown (10YR
5/4) clay films lining old root channels; 55 percent coarse fragments; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (Combined
thickness of the Bw horizon is 15 to 50 inches.)
C--41 to 51 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very
channery silt loam; few fine distinct gray (N 6/0) and
strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) mottles; massive; friable; few fine
roots; 40 percent coarse fragments; medium acid; abrupt
smooth boundary. (0 to 40 inches thick)
R--51 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) fractured, hard
siltstone bedrock with fractures spaced at 10 to 25 cm;
material cannot be dug with a spade but can be chipped with
a spud bar.
TYPE LOCATION: Licking County, Ohio; 1440 yards south and
2970 yards east of the northwest corner of quarter township
2, T. 1 N., R. 10 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum ranges
from 24 to 55 inches and depth to bedrock is 40 to 72
inches. Coarse fragments mainly are thin flat fragments of
siltstone or very fine grained sandstone less than 6 inches
in length; they range from 5 to 35 percent in the A horizon,
from 15 to 85 percent in subhorizons of the B horizon, and
from 30 to 90 percent in the C horizon. (Coarse fragments
greater than 3 inches range from 5 to 40 percent in the B
horizon and 15 to 60 percent in the C horizon.) Bedrock is
commonly fractured siltstone or very fine grained sandstone
with many voids about 10 to 25 cm apart.
The A or Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 2 to 5 (4 to 7
dry), and chroma of 1 to 4. The A or Ap horizon is silt
loam, channery silt loam, or very channery silt loam. It is
slightly acid to extremely acid.
The E or EB horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and
chroma of 2 to 4. It is silt loam, channery silt loam, or
very channery silt loam. It is strongly acid to extremely
acid.
The Bw horizon has hue of 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y; value of 4
to 6; and chroma of 3 to 6. It is channery, very channery,
extremely channery, flaggy, very flaggy, or extremely flaggy analogues of silt loam or loam with about 8 to 18 percent
clay and less than 40 percent sand. Thin subhorizons of
sandy loam, silty clay loam, and their channery analogues
are present in some pedons. It is strongly acid to
extremely acid.
The C horizon has hue of 7.5YR, 10YR, or 2.5Y; value of 4 to
6; and chroma of 4 to 6. It is channery, very channery,
extremely channery, flaggy, very flaggy, or extremely flaggy analogues of silt loam, or loam. It is medium acid to
extremely acid.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Berks,
Blasdell,
Calvin,
Cardiff,
Chenango,
Dekalb,
Hazleton,
Itswoot,
Lehew,
Lippitt,
Manlius,
Oquaga,
Parker,
Remote,
Sylco,
Tunkhannock,
Warwick,
Watt, and
Wyoming series. Berks,
Calvin, Dekalb, Lehew, Manlius, Oquaga, and Sylco soil have
a lithic or paralithic contact at depths of 20 to 40 inches. Blasdell soils have coarse fragments dominated by shale.
Cardiff soils have coarse fragments dominated by slate.
Chenango and Tunkhannock soils have water-sorted sand and
gravel within the series control section. Hazleton soils
contain more than 40 percent sand in the A and B2 horizons.
Itswoot soils have silty clay loam in the fine earth
fraction of the B and C horizons. Lippitt soils have a
paralithic contact at 20 to 40 inches and have fine sandy
loam or sandy loam texture in their sola. Parker soils have
coarse fragments dominated by granitic rocks and the sand
fraction dominated by coarser sands. Remote soils are in a
more moist climate. Warwick soils have water-sorted sand
and gravel of slate and phyllite within the series control
section. Watt soils have colors with chroma of 3 or less in
the B horizon and bedrock between depths of 20 to 40 inches.
Wyoming soils contain more than 50 percent coarser than very
fine sand and contain rounded fragments from a number of
kinds of rocks.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Brownsville soils are on hillsides and
summits of the dissected uplands in the Western Allegheny
Plateau. Slopes have a plane or convex surface and have
gradients of 2 to 70 percent. The soils formed in colluvium
and residuum from thinly bedded and fractured acid siltstone
and very fine grained sandstone. Mean annual precipitation
ranges from about 34 to 44 inches, and mean annual
temperature ranges from about 49 to 55 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing
Dekalb soils and the
Latham,
Rarden,
Shelocta, and
Rigley
soils. Dekalb, Latham, and Rarden soils are in similar
landscape positions. Dekalb soils have sandstone bedrock at
20 to 40 inches. Latham and Rarden soils have clay shale at
20 to 40 inches and Rarden soils have hue of 5YR or redder.
Rigley soils have an argillic horizon and are coarse-loamy.
Shelocta soils have an argillic horizon and are on colluvial
slopes.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Runoff is medium
to very rapid depending on slope. Permeability is moderate
or moderately rapid.
USE AND VEGETATION: Brownsville soils are mostly in
woodland or pasture with a few areas in cropland. Woodland
consists of mixed oak, hickory, ash, and Virginia pine.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southeastern Ohio, possibly West
Virginia, eastern Kentucky, and southwestern Pennsylvania.
The series is of moderate extent with 55,000 acres mapped to
date.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Morgantown, West Virginia
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Jackson County, Ohio, 1981.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory characterization data is
available on JK-6, HO-16, and for LC-27 (typical pedon).
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon
are: ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth
of about 6 inches (A and EB horizons); cambic horizon - the
zone from a depth of about 6 to 41 inches (Bw1, Bw2, and Bw3 horizons).