LOCATION BRIGGSVILLE WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Briggsville silt loam - on a 3 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of about 900 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 7 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; friable; few roots; few pores; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
Bt1--7 to 9 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) silty clay loam; moderate fine and very fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few roots; common pores; thin clay films on faces of some peds and in pores and channels; some dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) soil in worm and root channels; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.
Bt2--9 to 17 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) silty clay; moderate very fine subangular blocky structure; firm; few roots; common pores; thin clay films on faces of peds and in pores and channels; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt3--17 to 24 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) silty clay; moderate fine prismatic structure parting to strong fine angular blocky; very firm; few roots; common pores; thin clay films on faces of peds and in pores and channels; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt4--24 to 33 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) silty clay loam; moderate medium prismatic structure parting to strong fine and medium subangular blocky; firm; few roots; few pores; thin clay films on faces of peds and in pores and channels; slightly acid; gradual wavy boundary.
Bt5--33 to 39 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/4) silty clay loam with a few thin strata of silt loam, very fine sand, and fine sand; weak very fine subangular blocky structure; firm; tends to break to moderate medium plates along depositional strata; few roots; few pores; thin clay films on faces of some peds, some of which are faint reddish brown (5YR 4/3); slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons ranges from 17 to 33 inches.)
C--39 to 60 inches; light brown (7.5YR 6/4) silty clay loam with very thin lenses of silt loam and silt; massive; friable; tends to break to moderate medium plates along depositional strata; some vertical cleavage; few pores; violently effervescent; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Sauk County, Wisconsin; about 2.5 miles southwest of the village of Lake Delton; about 1900 feet south and 2050 feet east of the northwest corner of sec. 6, T. 12 N., R. 6 E. USGS Wisconsin Dells South, Wisconsin topographic quadrangle; lat. 43 degrees 32 minutes 57 seconds N., and long. 89 degrees 49 minutes 46 seconds W., NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to the base of the argillic horizon ranges from 24 to 40 inches. Depth to carbonates ranges from 20 to 40 inches. The particle-size control section averages from 35 to 50 percent clay. Rock fragments are absent throughout the series control section. Reaction in the surface and upper subsoil naturally is moderately acid or slightly acid but ranges to neutral, where the soil is limed. Reaction ranges from slightly acid to moderately alkaline in the lower subsoil and is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline in the substratum.
The Ap horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 2 or 3. Colors with moist value of 3 have dry value of 6 or more. Uncultivated pedons have an A horizon, 1 to 4 inches thick, with hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture of the Ap or A horizon is typically silt loam but is loam in some places.
Some pedon have an E horizon with hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 or 3. Texture is typically silt loam but in some places it is loam.
The Bt horizon has hue of 2.5YR 5YR, or 7.5YR and value of 4 or 5. Chroma is typically 3 or 4 but ranges to 8 in some pedons. Texture is silty clay loam or silty clay. Thin strata of finer or coarser texture are in the lower part of the Bt horizon in some pedons.
The C horizon has hue of 2.5YR, 5YR, or 7.5YR and value of 4 to 6. Chroma is typically 3 or 4 but ranges to 6 in some pedons. Texture is silty clay loam or silty clay with thin strata of finer or coarser texture. Clay content averages from 25 to 40 percent and total sand content from 10 to 25 percent (mostly very fine and fine sand).
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Chrome, Edenton, Eldean, Lamoille, Newnata, Paintcreek, Redbrush, Upshur, and Wynn series. Chrome and Redbrush soils have a lithic contact at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. Edenton and and Wynn soils have a paralithic contact at a depth of 20 to 40 inches. Eldean soils average more than 30 percent rock fragments in the lower part of the series control section and have more than 55 percent sand there (mostly medium and coarse). Lamoille soils have rock fragments throughout the series control section and do not have stratification in the lower part of the series control section. Newnata soils have a lithic contact at a depth of 40 to 60 inches. Paintcreek soils do not have carbonates in the series control section; are more than 40 inches thick to the base of the argillic horizon; and have rock fragments in the lower part of the series control section. Upshur soils do not have carbonates within a depth of 40 inches and do not have stratification in the lower part of the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Briggsville soils are on glacial lake basins. Slopes range from 0 to 20 percent. These soils formed in mostly clayey and silty stratified lacustrine deposits. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 29 to 32 inches. Mean annual air temperature ranges from about 46 to 50 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Hortonville, Kewaunee, Manawa, Montello, and Oshkosh soils. The Hortonville and Kewaunee soils formed in glacial till having a higher sand content and are on adjacent upland slopes. Manawa soils are on lower positions in the landscape and are somewhat poorly drained. Montello soils formed under prairie grasses and have mollic epipedons. Oshkosh soils are in glacial lake basins, but have finer textured sola.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Surface runoff is low to high. Permeability is moderately slow.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of this soil are used for cropland. Small areas are used for pastureland or woodland. Native vegetation is mixed hardwood forest.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Eastern and central Wisconsin. Briggsville soils are of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Marquette County, Wisconsin, 1969.
REMARKS: Formerly these soils were included with the Oshkosh soils which are in a very-fine family.
7/04- A total of 25,189 acres of Briggsville have been correlated in 9 soil surveys in Wisconsin. The 720 acres correlated in Columbia County appear to be formed in clayey till (gravel in typical pedon and soils in Adams County, just 1.5 miles from the Columbia Co. typical pedon site, were correlated as Kewaunee which is clayey till). These acres will probably be correlated to clayey till in an update.
7/04- Of the 9 counties where Briggsville is correlated, only one (Calumet-Manitowoc with 3245 acres) has redox features in the typical pedon. Therefore, this revision redefines Briggsville as well drained only. A new typical pedon is used to reflect the plowed condition of most of the acreage and because there are discrepancies between the location given for the old typical pedon in the published survey and the location given in the OSD. The moderately well drained acres need to be correlated to another (new?) series (Oxyaquic Hapludalf) when those areas are updated.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - 0 to 7 inches (Ap ); argillic horizon - 7 to 39 inches (Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, Bt4, Bt5 ).