LOCATION BREWER             OK+KS TX

Established Series
Rev. CS
07/98

BREWER SERIES

The Brewer series consists of very deep, moderately well drained, slowly permeable soils that formed in material weathered from loamy and clayey alluvium of Pleistocene age. These nearly level soils are on flood plains subject to rare flooding. They are in the Central Rolling Red Prairies (MLRA-80A). Slopes are 0 to 1 percent. Mean annual precipitation is 32 inches. Mean annual temperature is 60 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, superactive, thermic Udertic Argiustolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Brewer silty clay loam--pasture. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

A--0 to 12 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silty clay loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate medium granular structure; hard, friable; slightly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (8 to 16 inches thick)

Bt1--12 to 30 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) silty clay loam, very dark brown (10YR 2/2) moist; moderate medium and fine subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm; clay films on faces of peds; neutral; gradual smooth boundary. (10 to 22 inches thick)

Bt2--30 to 50 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 4/2) silty clay, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2) moist; moderate medium blocky structure; very hard, firm; clay films on faces of peds; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (12 to 26 inches thick)

BC--50 to 80 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) silty clay loam; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3) moist; weak coarse blocky structure; very hard, firm; moderately alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (15 to 35 inches thick)

Ck--80 to 90 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) silty clay loam; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) moist; massive; very hard, firm; common fine concretions of calcium carbonate but fine earth is mostly noncalcareous; moderately alkaline.

TYPE LOCATION: Pawnee County, Oklahoma; about 1/2 mile north of Pawnee on east side of Oklahoma Highway 18; 200 feet east and 900 feet north of the southwest corner of sec. 29, T. 22 N., R. 5 E.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 50 to 90 inches.

The A horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is silty clay loam, clay loam, or silt loam. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to neutral.

The Bt1 and Bt2 horizons have hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 to 5 and chroma of 1 or 2. Texture is clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay. Reaction ranges from slightly acid to moderately alkaline. Some pedons have mottles in shades of brown or gray below a depth of 30 inches. Some pedons have salt or sodium accumulation below a depth of 50 inches. Secondary carbonates are below a depth of 28 inches in some pedons.

The Btk horizon, where present, has hue of 7.5YR to 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 or 4. Texture is silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay. Reaction is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.

The BC horizon has hue of 5YR to 10 YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 to 4. Texture is loam, silty clay loam, clay loam, or clay. Reaction ranges from neutral to moderately alkaline.

The C horizon, where present, has color, texture, and reaction similar to the BC horizon. It may be calcareous or noncalcareous.

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Abilene, Blanket, Cutter, Dodson, McLain, Mingo, and Wolco series. Abilene, Cutter, and Dodson soils are in drier climates. Blanket soils contain 20 percent calcium carbonate in the C horizon. McLain soils have redder hues in the B horizon. Wolco soils have limestone at a depth of 40 to 60 inches.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Brewer soils are on nearly level flood plains that are rarely flooded. Surfaces are plane to slightly concave. The climate is subhumid. Mean Annual Precipitation: 26 to 38 inches. Mean Annual Temperature: 58 to 63 degrees F. Thornthwaite Annual P-E indices: 44 to 64.

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Mclain series, and the Port and Reinach series. McLain, Port, and Reinach soils are also on flood plains. Port and Reinach soils have less than 35 percent clay in the control section. Mclain soils have upper bt horizons with hues of 5YR or redder.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained; slow runoff; slow permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: Largely cultivated. Alfalfa and small grains are the principal crops. The native vegetation is tall prairie grasses.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Oklahoma, southern Kansas, and northern Texas. The series is of moderate extent.

MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Muskogee County, Oklahoma; 1913.

REMARKS: Soil Interpretation Record: Series OK0131

Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: Mollic epipedon - the zone from the surface to approximately 30 inches. Argillic horizon - the zone from 12 inches to a depth of 50 inches.

National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.