LOCATION BREVORT MI+WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy over loamy, mixed, active, nonacid, frigid Mollic Endoaquents
TYPICAL PEDON: Brevort loamy sand - on a 1 percent slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; black (10YR 2/1) loamy sand, dark gray (10YR 4/1) dry; very weak fine granular structure; very friable; many fine roots; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
Cg1--8 to 30 inches; gray (10YR 5/1) sand; single grain; loose; many fine roots; neutral; abrupt wavy boundary. (10 to 30 inches thick)
2Cg2--30 to 60 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silt loam; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) iron accumulations; massive; friable; few fine roots; strong effervescence; moderately alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Gladwin County, Michigan; about 3/4 mile west of Highwood; 725 feet east and 100 feet south of the northwest corner, sec. 35, T. 18 N., R. 1 E.; USGS Wooden Shoe Village, MI. 7.5 minute topographical quadrangle; lat. 43 degrees 55 minutes 40 seconds N and long. 84 degrees 19 minutes 28 seconds W. NAD27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The depth to the 2C horizon ranges from 20 to 40 inches. Reaction of Ap and Cg horizons ranges from medium acid to moderately alkaline. Cobble content ranges from 0 to 5 percent throughout the pedon. Gravel content ranges from 0 to 15 in the sandy material and from 0 to 25 percent in the loamy material. Some pedons have thin organic surface layers of 5 to 6 inches, but when the soil is plowed the amount of organic matter is too low for a histic epipedon.
Uncultivated pedons have 1 to 4 inch thick A horizons with hue of 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1. The Ap horizon has value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. The A horizons are sand, loamy sand, loamy fine sand, mucky sand, mucky loamy sand, mucky loamy fine sand, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam.
The Cg horizon has hue of 7.5YR to 2.5Y, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 to 6. It is sand, fine sand, loamy sand, or loamy fine sand. A thin layer of gravelly sand or gravelly loamy sand is between the Cg and 2C in some pedons.
The 2C horizon has hue of 5Y to 2.5YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 to 6. It is sandy loam, gravelly sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, silt loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam. The 2C horizon is mildly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Burleigh, Cook, and Grygla series. Burleigh soils have 2C horizons of stratified silt and very fine sand above 40 inches. Cook soils have more rock fragments throughout the solum. Grygla soils are in areas of less rainfall.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Brevort soils are on lake plains and ground moraines. Slope gradients range from 0 to 2 percent. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 28 to 34 inches. The mean annual temperature ranges from 42 to 45 degrees F. The mean summer temperature ranges from 64 to 68 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Iosco, Menominee, Roscommon, and Sims soils. The well drained Menominee soils and the somewhat poorly drained Iosco soils are in a drainage sequence with Brevort soils. The competing Roscommon soils and the Sims soils are common associates in some places.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly drained and very poorly drained. Potential surface runoff is negligible. Permeability is rapid or moderately rapid in the sandy upper horizons and moderate or moderately slow in the 2C horizon.
USE AND VEGETATION: The major part of this soil is in forest, permanent pasture, or is idle land. A minor part is cultivated. Hay and small grain are the principal crops. The forest is chiefly aspen, red maple, northern whitecedar, and balsam fir.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: The northern part of the Lower Peninsula and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan and northern Wisconsin. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Montcalm County, Michigan, 1956.
REMARKS: Classification was adjusted to agree with ST Issue #17 on 7 Sept 94 by CLG.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
ochric epipedon - the zone from the surface to 8 inches (Ap horizon).