LOCATION BRADY MI+IA IN OHEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Aquollic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Brady sandy loam, on a 1 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of 891 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 9 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) dry; moderate medium granular structure; friable; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (7 to 9 inches thick)
E--9 to 13 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) sandy loam; weak coarse granular structure; friable; few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron oxide accumulation in the matrix; slightly acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 6 inches thick)
BE--13 to 23 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) sandy loam; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; friable; many medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions in the matrix; moderately acid; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 14 inches thick)
Bt--23 to 37 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) sandy loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few faint clay films on faces of peds and bridging between sand grains; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) sandy loam worm casts and fillings in root channels; many medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions in the matrix; prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron oxide accumulation in the matrix; about 6 percent gravel; moderately acid; abrupt irregular boundary. (8 to 30 inches thick)
BC--37 to 56 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) loamy sand; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; very friable; few discontinuous brown (7.5YR 4/4) sandy loam layers 1/8 to 2 inches thick; few medium prominent gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions in the matrix; prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron oxide accumulation in the matrix; neutral; abrupt irregular boundary. (0 to 24 inches thick)
2C--56 to 80 inches; brown (10YR 5/3) gravelly coarse sand and coarse sand; single grain; loose; common medium distinct gray (10YR 5/1) iron depletions in the matrix; about 15 percent gravel; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Eaton County, Michigan; about 3 miles southwest of Charlotte; 500 feet north and 800 feet east of the center of sec. 33, T. 2 N., R. 5 W.; U.S.G.S. Chester topographic quadrangle; lat. 42 degrees 31 minutes 8.0 seconds N. and long. 84 degrees 54 minutes 8.4 seconds W., NAD 27; UTM Zone 16, 672313 easting and 4709308 northing, NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The depth to the base of the argillic ranges from 34 to 56 inches. Depth to carbonates ranges from 40 to 70 inches.
The Ap horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2, 2.5, or 3, and chroma of 1 to 3. It is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loamy fine sand, or loamy sand, and less commonly loam or silt loam. Rock fragment content ranges from 0 to 25 percent. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to neutral.
The E or BE horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loamy fine sand, or loamy sand, and less commonly loam or silt loam. Rock fragment content ranges from 0 to 25 percent. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to neutral.
The Bt horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 6. The argillic horizon commonly has iron depletions with chroma of 2 or less and value of 4 or more throughout. It commonly is sandy loam or gravelly sandy loam, or less commonly sandy clay loam, gravelly sandy clay loam, or clay loam. Where the texture is sandy clay loam or clay loam, the layer is less than 8 inches thick. Rock fragment content ranges from 0 to 25 percent. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to neutral.
The BC horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 7, and chroma of 2 to 6. It is sandy loam or loamy sand. Rock fragment content ranges from 0 to 25 percent. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to neutral.
The 2C horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 to 4. It is gravelly coarse sand, coarse sand, sand, gravelly sand, very gravelly sand, or stratified coarse sand and gravel. Rock fragment content ranges from 0 to 25 percent. Reaction ranges from neutral to moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Budd, Dixboro, Poseyville, Wasepi, Whiskerville, and Winamac series. Budd, Whiskerville, and Winamac soils have more than 10 percent clay and less 70 percent sand in the lower part of the series control section. Dixboro, Poseyville, and Wasepi soils are less than 40 inches to carbonates.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Brady soils formed in loamy outwash materials on outwash plains, valley trains, terraces, and lake plains. Slope gradients are dominantly 0 to 2 percent and range from 0 to 6 percent. Mean annual temperature is about 48 to 53 degrees F., mean annual precipitation ranges from 30 to 42 inches, frost-free period ranges from 130 to 180 days, and elevation ranges from 580 feet to 1,530 feet above mean sea level.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Boyer, Bronson, Gilford, Oshtemo, Perrin, and Wasepi soils. The well drained Boyer and moderately well drained Perrin soils are on nearby higher landform positions. Brady soils are in a drainage sequence with the very poorly drained Gilford, the moderately well drained Bronson, and the well drained Oshtemo soils. The somewhat poorly drained Wasepi soils are on similar landforms.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained. The potential for surface runoff is negligible to low. Permeability is moderately rapid. Depth to a seasonal high water table ranges from .5 to 1.5 feet from November to May in normal years.
USE AND VEGETATION: A large part is under cultivation. Where drainage is adequate it is cropped to corn, small grain, beans, and bromegrass-alfalfa hay. A small part is in permanent pasture or forest. The native vegetation is deciduous forest.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 98 and 111 in southern Michigan, northern Indiana, northwestern Ohio, and eastern Iowa. The soils are of large extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana.
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Van Buren County, Michigan, 1922.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - from the surface to 23 inches (Ap, E, and BE horizons); mollic intergrade - Ap horizon 9 inches thick with value of 3 moist and 5 dry, and chroma of 2 moist or dry; argillic horizon - from 23 to 37 inches (Bt horizon); aquic conditions - redoximorphic features present in all horizons between 9 and 80 inches. Udic moisture regime.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil Interpretation Record No.- MI0025. Characterization data is available for the National Soil Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, NE. Transect data (T98-MI-002) for the typical pedon is on file in MLRA project office, Plymouth, Indiana. Transect shows 80 percent Brady soils and 20 percent Bronson soils