LOCATION BLAZEFORK          KS 

BLAZEFORK SERIES

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, mesic Udertic Argiustolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Blazefork silty clay loam in a cultivated field. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)

Ap1--0 to 3 inches (0 to 8 centimeters); dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; weak fine subangular blocky structure parting to weak medium granular; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine and fine roots throughout; 36 percent clay; very strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary.

Ap2--3 to 7 inches (8 to 17 centimeters); dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; common very fine roots throughout; common fine vesicular pores; 37 percent clay; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (4 to 10 inches thick; 10 to 25 centimeters thick)

Bt--7 to 14 inches (17 to 36 centimeters); dark gray (10YR 4/1) silty clay, black (10YR 2/1) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, very firm, very sticky and very plastic; common very fine roots throughout; 43 percent clay; very few faint continuous very dark gray (10YR 3/1), moist, clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary.

Btss--14 to 23 inches (36 to 57 centimeters); gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, extremely firm, very sticky and very plastic; common very fine roots throughout; common very fine moderate continuity tubular pores; 44 percent clay; few faint patchy very dark gray (10YR 3/1), moist, clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds and few distinct patchy nonintersecting slickensides on horizontal faces of peds; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.

Bt1--23 to 30 inches (57 to 74 centimeters); gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; common very fine roots throughout; 44 percent clay; very few faint patchy black (10YR 2/1), moist, clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; common fine rounded iron-manganese concretions throughout; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.

Bt2--30 to 35 inches (74 to 87 centimeters) ; gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; common medium faint very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist irregular mottles throughout; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; few very fine roots throughout; 44 percent clay; very few faint patchy black (10YR 2/1), moist, clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.

Bt3--35 to 41 inches (87 to 102 centimeters); gray (10YR 5/1) silty clay, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; few very fine roots throughout; 41 percent clay; few faint patchy black (10YR 2/1), moist, clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; common fine rounded carbonate concretions throughout and few fine irregular masses of carbonate throughout; moderately alkaline; clear wavy boundary.

Bt4--41 to 49 inches (102 to 122 centimeters); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) silty clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) moist irregular redoximorphic concentrations throughout and common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist irregular redoximorphic concentrations throughout; weak medium prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; hard, firm, very sticky and very plastic; few very fine roots throughout; 35 percent clay; very few distinct patchy dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), moist, clay films on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; common fine rounded iron-manganese concretions throughout and few fine and medium irregular carbonate concretions throughout and few fine irregular masses of carbonate throughout; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (20 to 50 inches thick; 50 to 127 centimeters thick)

2Bt5--49 to 62 inches (122 to 154 centimeters); light gray (10YR 7/2) clay loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; few fine prominent dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) moist irregular redoximorphic concentrations throughout and common medium distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist irregular redoximorphic concentrations throughout; moderate medium prismatic structure; hard, firm, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine roots throughout; 29 percent clay; common faint continuous dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), moist, clay films on vertical faces of peds and few faint discontinuous brown (10YR 4/3), moist, clay films on horizontal faces of peds and few distinct patchy black (10YR 2/1), moist, manganese or iron-manganese stains on horizontal faces of peds; common fine rounded iron-manganese concretions throughout and few medium irregular masses of carbonate throughout and common fine and medium rounded carbonate concretions throughout; moderately alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.

2Bt6--62 to 78 inches (154 to 198 centimeters); light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; common fine distinct dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) moist irregular redoximorphic concentrations throughout and common fine distinct grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist irregular redoximorphic depletions throughout; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular blocky and moderate medium subangular blocky; hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few fine roots throughout; common fine tubular pores; 26 percent clay; few faint patchy brown (10YR 4/3), moist, clay films on horizontal faces of peds and common distinct discontinuous dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), moist, clay films on vertical faces of peds and few distinct patchy black (10YR 2/1), moist, manganese or iron-manganese stains on vertical and horizontal faces of peds; common fine rounded iron-manganese concretions throughout and few fine and medium irregular masses of carbonate throughout; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.

2Bt7--78 to 80 inches (198 to 203 centimeters); light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; common medium distinct dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist irregular redoximorphic depletions throughout; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium angular blocky and moderate medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; few very fine and fine roots throughout; common fine tubular pores; 28 percent clay; very few distinct patchy dark gray (10YR 4/1), moist, clay films on vertical faces of peds and very few distinct patchy dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2), moist, clay films on horizontal faces of peds and very few distinct patchy black (10YR 2/1), moist, manganese or iron-manganese stains on vertical faces of peds; common medium rounded iron-manganese concretions throughout; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 40 inches thick)

TYPE LOCATION: Reno County, Kansas; 3 miles (4.8 kilometers) east of Buhler, 498 feet (152 meters) west and 1524 feet (465 meters) south of the northeast corner of sec. 12-T. 22 S. R. 4 W.;(USGS Halstead NW topographic quadrangle; lat. 38 degrees 9 minutes 18 seconds N. and long. 97 degrees 42 minutes 12 seconds W.)

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Soil moisture regime: ustic moisture regime (bordering on udic)
Soil temperature regime: mesic
Mean annual soil temperature: 56 to 58 degrees F (13 to 14 degrees C).
Particle-size control section: 32 to 50 percent clay
Depth to non-paralithic contact: greater than 80 inches (203 centimeters)
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: 30 to 60 inches (76 to 152 centimeters)
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 20 to 60 inches (50 to 152 centimeters)

A horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 or 4 (dry) 2 or 3 (moist)
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silty clay loam or silt loam
Reaction: slightly acid to strongly acid

Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 3 to 5 (dry) 2 to 4 (moist)
Chroma: 1 or 2
Texture: silty clay, silty clay loam, or clay
Carbonate concretions: 0 to 10 percent
Reaction: moderately alkaline to slightly acid

2Bt horizon:
Hue: 10YR
Value: 5 to 7 (dry) 2 to 4 (moist)
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: clay loam or loam
Carbonate concretions: 5 to 15 percent
Redoximorphic features: 5 to 15 percent
Reaction: slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline

COMPETING SERIES: These are the Ladysmith (KS) and Taver (KS) soils. Ladysmith soils are somewhat poorly drained, upland soils formed in loess sediments. Taver soils have a sandy surface and an underlying sandy buried soil.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Blazefork soils

Parent material: silty calcareous alluvium
Landform: floodplains
Slopes: 0 to 2 percent
Elevation: 1100 to 1500 feet (335.3 to 457.2 meters)
Mean annual air temperature: 55 to 57 degrees F (13 to 14 degrees C).
Mean annual precipitation: 28 to 32 inches (71 to 81 centimeters)
Wettest months: Mar. - Oct.
Driest months: Nov - Feb.
Frost-free period: 160 to 180 days

GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Crete, Geary, Smolan, and Tobin soils. Crete, Geary, and Smolan soils are on uplands. Crete soils have smectitic mineralogy. Crete, Geary and Smolan soils are on uplands. Geary, Smolan, and Tobin soils are well drained. Geary and Tobin soils are fine-silty. Tobin soils are on similar positions. Smolan soils have hue redder than 10YR in the control section.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY:
Drainage: Moderately well drained.
Runoff: slow or medium.
Permeability: slow.

USE AND VEGETATION: Most of the soils are cultivated. Principal crops are wheat, sorghums, and alfalfa. Native vegetation was tall grasses with some deciduous trees

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: South Central Kansas. LRR H Great Plains Winter Wheat and Range, MLRA 75 Central Loess Plains. The series is of small
extent.

MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Salina, Kansas

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Reno County, Kansas, 1999. Proposed 1989.The name is from Blaze Fork Creek in the northeast part of the county.

REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:

mollic epipedon: The zone from 0 to 41 inches (0 to 102 centimeters) (Ap1,Ap2,Bt,Btss,Bt1,Bt2,Bt3)
argillic horizon: The zone from 7 to 80 inches (17 to 203 centimeters) (Bt,Btss,Bt1,Bt2,Bt3,Bt4,2Bt5,2Bt6,2Bt7)
water table: The presence of an apparent water table from 4 to greater than 6 feet (1.2 to greater than 1.8 meters), during the months of November to May.

Keys to Soil Taxonomy: Eighth edition, 1998

ADDITIONAL DATA:
These soils were formerly mapped as Tabler, Bethany, or Ladysmith soils. Blazefork soils occur on flood plains.
Type location has been sampled and is available on line:
http://ssldata.sc.egov.usda.gov/rptExecute.asp?p=17236&r=1&submit1=Get+Report

BLAZEFORK SERIES
LRR=H
DATE=??

COMMENTS DISPOSITION

MNTC:

Change soil depth to very deep. Changed.
Described wet consistence in profile Added description.
Change BCk to Bk No change
Separate Bt and BCk on SOILS-5 Separated
Change ph for Ap and Bt on SOILS-5 Changed

NEBRASKA:

Add range for BCk horizon in the range No change paragraph.
Add "Crete has montmorillonitic mineralogy Added in the associated soil paragraph.
Remove "mottles are lacking in some pedons", Removed from the C horizon in the range paragraph.

There were no comments from Oklahoma and Missouri.
Various changes were made on the SOILS-5 as suggested
by the state forester, range conservationist, and biologist.

6/14/95
Corrected the taxonomy on sir and osed.
PRF

12/9/1999