LOCATION BATES KS+MO OKEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, siliceous, active, thermic Typic Argiudolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Bates loam - on a 3 percent slope in rangeland. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
A--0 to 9 inches; very dark brown (10YR 2/2) loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; weak fine and medium granular structure; slightly hard, very friable, slightly plastic and slightly sticky; many fine roots; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (7 to 14 inches thick)
BA--9 to 16 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) dry; few fine prominent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; moderate medium granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly plastic and slightly sticky; many fine roots; 1 percent fragments of soft sandstone; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick)
Bt--16 to 23 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) dry; brown (7.5YR 4/4) crushed; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm, plastic and sticky; few fine roots; thin discontinuous clay films on many faces of peds; 3 percent small fragments of soft sandstone; strongly acid; gradual smooth boundary. (5 to 18 inches thick)
BC--23 to 33 inches; dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay loam, brown (7.5YR 5/4) dry; strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) crushed; common coarse distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/6) mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure; hard, firm; few fine roots; many small black concretions in lower 2 inches; strongly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)
Cr--33 to 37 inches; soft, fine-grained sandstone containing thin beds of silty shale.
TYPE LOCATION: Crawford County, Kansas; 2 miles northwest of Farlington; 3300 feet west and l600 feet south of the northeast corner, sec. 1, T. 28 S., R. 23 E.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to paralithic contact with sandstone or shale is 20 to 40 inches. The mollic epipedon is 8 to 24 inches thick. The solum ranges from slightly acid to strongly acid.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 2 or 3 and 3 to 5 dry, and chroma of 2 or 3. It is loam ,fine sandy loam, or clay loam. Sandstone fragments less than 3 inches in diameter comprise from 0 to 15 percent of the horizon.
The Bt horizon has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 3 to 5 and 4 to 6 dry, and chroma of 3 to 6. It is loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam. Sandstone fragments less than 3 inches in diameter comprise from 0 to 15 percent by volume of the horizon.
The Bt horizon has a hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 3 to 5 and 4 to 6 dry, and chroma of 3 to 6. It is loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam. Sandstone framents less than 3 inches in diameter comprise 0 to 15 percent by volume of the horizon.
The BC horizon where present has hue of 10YR or 7.5YR, value of 4 or 5 and 5 to 7 dry, and chroma of 4 to 6. It is loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam, or their gravelly counterparts. Sandstone fragments less than 3 inches in diameter comprise from 0 to 35 percent by volume of the horizon. In a few pedons, it is sandy loam. In some pedons this horizon has streaks or mottles with value of 4 or higher and chroma of 2 or less.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in the same family.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Bates soils are on uplands. The slope gradient ranges from 1 to 8 percent. The soils formed in residuum weathered from sandstone which commonly contains thin beds of silty or sandy shale. The mean annual temperature ranges from 57 to 64 degrees F, and the mean annual precipitation ranges from 35 to 45 inches. Thornthwaites Annual P-E Index ranges from 64 to 80.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Collinsville, Coweta, Dennis, Eram, and Lula soils. Collinsville and Coweta soils are typically steeper and are less than 20 inches to bedrock. Dennis and Eram soils are on similar topographic positions as Bates soils, but have a fine-textured argillic horizon. Lula soils are on adjacent areas underlain by limestone.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Runoff is medium or rapid. Permeability is moderate.
USE AND VEGETATION: About equally divided between grassland and cultivated crops. Principal crops are wheat, soybeans, and grain sorghum. Native vegetation is prairie grasses, mainly big bluestem, little bluestem, and Indiangrass.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southeastern Kansas, eastern Oklahoma, and southwestern Missouri. The series is extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Salina, Kansas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Bates County, Missouri, 1908.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon - the zone from 0 to about 16 inches (A and BA horizons); argillic horizon - the zone from 16 to about 23 inches ( Bt horizon). Paralithic contact - Cr horizon at 33 inches
Series Interpretative Record: KS0007