LOCATION BANGTAIL           MT
Established Series
Rev. GAR-JB-JAL
07/1999

BANGTAIL SERIES


The Bangtail series consists of moderately deep, well drained soils that formed in interbedded shale and sandstone residuum and clayey sedimentary beds. These soils are on hills, mountains and escarpments. Slopes are 4 to 60 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 21 inches, and the mean annual temperature is about 36 degrees F.

TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, superactive Ustic Argicryolls

TYPICAL PEDON: Bangtail loam, in rangeland (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise noted).

A--0 to 9 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) loam, black (10YR 2/1) moist; moderate fine granular structure; slightly hard, friable, slightly sticky and slightly plastic; many very fine and fine and few medium roots; many very fine, common fine and few medium pores; 5 percent channers, 10 percent soft shale chips; slightly acid (pH 6.4); clear smooth boundary. (6 to 14 inches thick)

Bt1--9 to 14 inches; brown (10YR 4/3) clay loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; many very fine and fine and few medium roots; many very fine and few fine and medium pores; few faint clay films on faces of peds; 5 percent channers, 10 percent soft shale chips; slightly acid (pH 6.4); clear smooth boundary.

Bt2--14 to 23 inches; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, very sticky and very plastic; common very fine and fine and few medium roots; common very fine and few fine and medium pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; 5 percent channers, 15 percent soft shale chips; slightly acid (pH 6.4); clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of Bt horizons is 14 to 30 inches).

C--23 to 37 inches; light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) clay loam, olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) moist; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky and moderately plastic; common very fine and fine and few medium roots; common very fine and few fine and medium pores; 5 percent channers; 20 percent soft shale chips; neutral (pH 6.8); gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)

Cr-- 37 to 60 inches; olive yellow (2.5Y 6/6) interbedded soft shale and fine grained sandstone; neutral (pH 6.8).

TYPE LOCATION: Gallatin County, Montana; 1200 feet west and 2100 feet north of the SE corner of sec. 24, T.2S.,R.7E.

RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:

Mean annual soil temperature - 36 to 40 degrees F.
Mean summer soil temperature - 52 to 58 degrees F.; moist phase is 45 to 47 degrees F.
Moisture control section - between 4 and 12 inches.
Mollic epipedon thickness - 8 to 15 inches.
Depth to Cr horizon - 20 to 40 inches.

A horizon - Value: 3, 4 or 5 dry; 2 or 3 moist
Chroma: 1, 2 or 3
Texture: Loam or clay loam
Clay content: 18 to 35 percent
Rock fragments: 5 to 30 percent--10 to 20 percent soft shale chips, 5 to 15 percent channers or pebbles, 0 to 5 percent flagstones or cobbles, 0 to 5 percent stones
Reaction: pH 5.6 to 7.3

Bt1 horizon - Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4, 5 or 6 dry; 3, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2, 3 or 4
Texture: clay loam or clay
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent
Rock fragments: 5 to 25 percent-- 5 to 15 percent channers or pebbles, 0 to 10 percent flagstones or cobbles; 10 to 20 percent soft shale chips
Reaction: pH 5.6 to 7.3

Bt2 horizon - Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 4, 5 or 6 dry; 3, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2, 3 or 4
Texture: clay loam or clay
Clay content: 35 to 50 percent
Rock fragments: 5 to 25 percent-- 5 to 15 percent channers or pebbles, 0 to 10 percent flagstones or cobbles; 10 to 20 percent soft shale chips
Reaction: pH 6.1 to 7.3

C horizon - Hue: 10YR or 2.5Y
Value: 5 or 6 dry; 3, 4 or 5 moist
Chroma: 2, 3 or 4
Texture: clay loam or clay
Clay content: 27 to 45 percent
Rock fragments: 5 to 25 percent--5 to 15 percent channers or pebbles, 0 to 10 percent flagstones or cobbles, 10 to 25 percent soft shale chips.
Reaction: pH 6.1 to 7.3

COMPETING SERIES:

Bridger (MT) - does not have a paralithic contact above 60 inches; has horizons of secondary carbonate accumulation.

Duckcreek (MT) - has horizon of secondary carbonate accumulation.

Echard (UT) - does not have a paralithic contact above 60 inches; formed in soft rhyolitic tuff or strongly cemented ash.

Melville (MT) - does not have a paralithic contact above 60 inches; has horizon of secondary carbonate accumulation.

Mollet (MT) - does not have a paralithic contact above 60 inches.

Rattler (MT) - does not have a paralithic contact above 60 inches; has horizons of secondary carbonate accumulation.

Sevier (UT) - has Bt horizon which is 4 to 10 inches thick; is moderately well drained.

GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:

Landform - hills, mountains, escarpments.
Elevation - 5,200 to 8,300 feet.
Slope - 4 to 60 percent.
Parent material - residuum derived from cretaceous interbedded shale and sandstone.
Climate - long, cold winters; cool, moist springs; short summers.
Mean annual precipitation - 17 to 24 inches.
Mean annual air temperature - 34 to 38 degrees F.
Frost-free period - 50 to 70 days.

DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained; slow permeability.

USE AND VEGETATION: Bangtail soils are used mainly for rangeland and wildlife habitat. Potential native vegetation may include Idaho fescue, Richardson needlegrass, Columbia needlegrass, mountain brome, lupine, and sticky geranium.

DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Bangtail soils are of small extent in southwestern Montana.

MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Bozeman, Montana

SERIES ESTABLISHED: Gallatin County, Montana, 1997.

REMARKS: Soil interpretation record: MT1458. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: a mollic epipedon from the surface to 14 inches (A and Bt1 horizons); an argillic horizon which is the particle-size control section from 9 to 23 inches (Bt1 and Bt2 horizons); a layer of interbedded soft shale and sandstone from 37 to 60 inches (Cr horizon). Bangtail soils have a cryic temperature regime and an ustic moisture regime.


National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.