LOCATION ARLAND WIEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Haplic Glossudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Arland fine sandy loam - on a convex, north-facing 10 percent slope in a cultivated field at an elevation of about 1,105 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 8 inches; very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) fine sandy loam, light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) dry; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common fine roots; some brown (7.5YR 4/3) soil mixed in by plowing; about 1 percent gravel; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to 10 inches thick)
E--8 to 10 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/3) sandy loam, pink (7.5YR 7/3) dry; weak medium platy structure; friable; few fine roots; some very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) soil in worm and root channels; about 1 percent gravel; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary.
E/B--10 to 15 inches; about 80 percent brown (7.5YR 4/3) sandy loam (E), pink (7.5YR 7/3) dry; weak medium platy structure; friable; extends as tongues into and surrounds remnants of reddish brown (5YR 4/4) sandy loam (Bt); moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds and in pores; about 2 percent gravel; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)
B/E--15 to 23 inches; about 55 percent reddish brown (5YR 4/4) sandy loam (Bt); moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; common distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds and in pores; penetrated by tongues of" brown (7.5YR 4/3) sandy loam (E), pink (7.5YR 7/3) dry; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; about 4 percent gravel; strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (Glossic horizon - 2 to 30 inches thick)
Bt--23 to 36 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/4) sandy loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; common distinct dark brown (7.5YR 3/3) clay films on faces of peds and in pores; about 6 percent gravel; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (0 to 15 inches thick)
2Cr--36 to 60 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) sandstone.
TYPE LOCATION: Barron County, Wisconsin; about 4 miles east of Chetek; 500 feet south and 400 feet west of the northeast corner of sec. 26, T. 33 N., R. 10 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to the base of the argillic horizon ranges from 20 to 40 inches and is the same as the depth to the paralithic contact with sandstone in most pedons. Some pedons have a mantle of loess or other silty deposits up to 24 inches thick. Typically, the volume of gravel ranges from 1 to 15 percent throughout the pedon but gravel can be absent in a silty mantle. Coarse fragments in the solum are of mixed lithology and of igneous origin. Coarse fragments in residual subsoil layers are sandstone channers. Reaction typically ranges from very strongly acid to moderately acid throughout the pedon, but it ranges to neutral in the Ap and E horizons where the soil is limed.
The Ap horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 3 or 4, and chroma of 2 or 3. Where moist value is 3, dry value is 6 or more. Uncultivated pedons have an A horizon with hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. The A or Ap horizon is fine sandy loam, sandy loam, loam, or silt loam.
The E horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 2 or 3. It is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam.
Arland soils have a glossic horizon. The E part has color and texture like the E horizon described above. The Bt part has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 3 to 6; and chroma of 4 to 6. It is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, loam, or silt loam.
The Bt horizon has hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 3 to 6; and chroma of 4 to 6. Typically, it is sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or loam but in some pedons it is silt loam in the upper part. Some pedons with B/E horizons do not have Bt horizons.
Some pedons have a 2Bt or 2BC horizon (3Bt or 3BC horizon in pedons with a silty mantle) with hue of 5YR, 7.5YR, or 10YR; value of 4 to 8; and chroma of 2 to 8. It is loamy sand, loamy fine sand, sand, or fine sand.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Alban, Amery, Kennan, Langlade, Marathon, McGinn, Rosholt, Santiago, and Scoba series. None of these soils have a paralithic contact with sandstone at a depth of 20 to 40 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Arland soils are on knolls, ridge tops, and side slopes of glaciated bedrock controlled uplands. Slope ranges from 1 to 35 percent. These soils formed dominantly in sandy loam till underlain by sandstone. Some pedons have a silty mantle and some have a layer of sandy residuum above the sandstone. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 28 to 33 inches. Mean annual temperature ranges from 39 to 45 degrees F. The frost free period ranges from about 120 to 135 days. Elevation ranges from 800 to 1950 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Amery, Haugen, Freeon, Magnor, Santiago, and Siouxcreek soils. The well drained Amery soils and the moderately well drained Haugen soils are in landscape positions similar to or slightly lower than those of Arland soils where the glacial till is more than 5 feet thick over the sandstone. The moderately well drained Freeon soils and the well drained Santiago soils are in similar or slightly lower landscape positions than Arland soils and the somewhat poorly drained Magnor soils are in lower landscape positions in drainageways and depressions. Freeon, Santiago, and Magnor soils are all in areas where there is a loess mantle 12 to 36 inches thick over till and there is no sandstone within a depth of 5 feet. The somewhat poorly drained Siouxcreek soils are in drainageways and depressions adjacent to Arland soils.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Surface runoff is slow to very rapid. Permeability is moderate or moderately rapid in the silty and loamy mantle and moderately slow or moderate in the sandstone. Some pedons have sandy 2Bt or 2BC horizons with moderately rapid or rapid permeability.
USE AND VEGETATION: Much of the less sloping areas are used for cropland. Corn, small grains, and hay are the principal crops. The more sloping areas are used for pastureland or woodland. Native vegetation is mixed hardwood forest. Common trees are northern red oak, northern pin oak, white oak, white ash, American basswoood, quaking aspen, bigtooth aspen, yellow birch, sugar maple, and black cherry.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central and northwestern Wisconsin. This soil is of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Barron County, Wisconsin, 1950.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon - 0 to 15 inches (Ap, E, E/B); albic horizon - 8 to 15 inches (E, E/B); glossic horizon - 10 to 23 inches (E/B, B/E); argillic horizon - 15 to 36 inches (B/E, Bt); paralithic contact - 36 inches (2Cr).
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil Interpretation Record - WI0108