LOCATION ANSELMO NE+KS SD WYEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coarse-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Haplustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Anselmo fine sandy loam - on a 2 percent convex northwest-facing slope in a cultivated field. When described the soil was moist throughout. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated)
Ap--0 to 5 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) fine sandy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak fine granular structure; slightly hard, very friable; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.
A--5 to 11 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) fine sandy loam, very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) moist; weak medium and coarse subangular blocky structure parting to weak fine granular; slightly hard, very friable; neutral; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined A horizons 7 to 20 inches thick)
Bw--11 to 29 inches; grayish brown (10YR 5/2) fine sandy loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; slightly hard, very friable; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary. (4 to 20 inches thick)
C--29 to 60 inches; pale brown (10YR 6/3) fine sandy loam, grayish brown (10YR 5/2) moist; weak coarse prismatic structure; slightly hard, very friable; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Logan County, Nebraska; about 4 miles south and 4 miles east of Stapleton; 800 feet east and 150 feet north of the southwest corner, sec. 22, T. 17 N., R. 27 W.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of the solum ranges from 11 to 40 inches, and the depth to carbonates ranges from 26 to more than 60 inches. The mollic epipedon ranges from 7 to 20 inches in thickness and includes part of the upper B horizon in some pedons.
The A horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 to 5 and 2 or 3 moist, and chroma of 1 to 3. It typically is fine sandy loam; but loam, sandy loam, very fine sandy loam and loamy fine sand are in the range. Reaction ranges from moderately acid to neutral.
The Bw horizon has hue of 10YR, or 2.5Y value of 4 to 6 and 3 or 4 moist, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loam. Reaction is slightly acid to slightly alkaline.
Some pedons have a BC horizon.
The C horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 to 7 and 4 to 6 moist, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is typically fine sandy loam, but loamy fine sand, fine sand, or sand are included. Texture frequently becomes coarser with depth. Stratification caused by wind reworking is present in the C horizon of some pedons. Silty and loamy strata below a depth of 40 inches are common in some pedons.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Caval and Orton series (it is assumed the Caval series is competing pending and update in the classification). Caval soils have redder hue. Orton soils have free carbonates at depth of 7 to 15 inches.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Anselmo soils are on uplands and stream terraces. Slope gradients range from 0 to 30 percent. These soils formed in loamy and sandy eolian material. The range of mean annual air temperature is 45 to 57 degrees F. The average annual precipitation ranges from 18 to 24 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Dunday, Hall, Hersh, Holdrege, O'Neill, Valentine and Vetal soils. Dunday soils have more sand in the control section and are on similar landscape. Hall and Holdrege soils have fine-silty argillic horizons and are predominantly on nearly level slopes below Anselmo soils. Hersh soils lack a mollic epipedon and occur on similar landscapes. O'Neill soils developed over mixed sand and gravel, and are on similar landscapes. Valentine soils are sandy and usually are on more hummocky landscapes. Vetal soils have a mollic epipedon greater than 20 inches thick and are lower in the landscape.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Runoff is slow to medium depending on slope. Permeability is moderately rapid.
USE AND VEGETATION: Approximately 50 percent of the acreage of these soils is cultivated, and where water is available they are commonly irrigated. The principal crops are corn, winter wheat, milo and alfalfa. The common native grasses are little bluestem, sand bluestem, needleandthread, prairie sandreed, western wheatgrass and blue grama.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Nebraska, south-central South Dakota, and north-central Kansas. The soil is extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Bismarck, North Dakota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Custer County, Nebraska, 1926.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: mollic epipedon--the zone from 0 to 11 inches (the Ap and A horizons); cambic horizon--the zone from 11 to 29 inches (Bw horizon).
Some laboratory characterization data indicates the soil does not have enough organic matter to have a mollic epipedon and would classify as Typic Haplustepts.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory data of an Anselmo soil, S-60-Nebr-21-1 is provided on pages 8 and 9 of the Soil Survey Investigation Report No. 5.