LOCATION ALTUS OK+TXEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, thermic Pachic Argiustolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Altus fine sandy loam, on a 1 percent slope, in a cultivated field that has been reseeded to native grasses. (Colors are for dry soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap1--0 to 9 inches; brown (7.5YR 5/3) fine sandy loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/3), moist; moderate fine and medium granular structure; very friable, slightly hard; common fine and common very fine roots; 1 percent well rounded quartz gravels; noneffervescent; neutral; clear smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the A horizons ranges from 5 to 25 inches)
Ap2--9 to 17 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/2) fine sandy loam, dark brown (7.5YR 3/2), moist; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium granular; very friable, slightly hard; common fine and common very fine roots; common fine and common medium pores; 1 percent well rounded quartz gravels; noneffervescent; neutral; clear smooth boundary.
Bt1--17 to 27 inches; reddish brown (5YR 4/3) sandy clay loam, dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3), moist; strong very coarse and coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; friable, moderately hard; common fine and common very fine roots; many fine and common medium pores; common faint clay films on faces of peds; 1 percent well rounded quartz gravels; noneffervescent; neutral; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons ranges from 20 to 70 inches)
Bt2--27 to 39 inches; reddish brown (5YR 5/4) sandy clay loam, reddish brown (5YR 4/4), moist; strong very coarse and coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm, hard; common fine and common very fine roots; common fine and common medium pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; 1 percent well rounded quartz gravels; noneffervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.
Bt3--39 to 56 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) fine sandy loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6), moist; strong very coarse and coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; firm, hard; few fine and few very fine roots; common fine and common medium pores; common distinct clay films on faces of peds; 1 percent well rounded quartz gravels; noneffervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.
Bt4--56 to 74 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) fine sandy loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6), moist; strong very coarse and coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; friable, moderately hard; few fine and few very fine roots; common fine and common medium pores; common distinct clay films on vertical faces of peds; 3 percent well rounded quartz gravels; noneffervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual smooth boundary.
Bt5--74 to 82 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) fine sandy loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6), moist; strong very coarse and coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; friable, moderately hard; few fine and few very fine roots; common fine pores; few faint clay films on vertical faces of peds; 3 percent well rounded quartz gravels; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
Btk--82 to 95 inches; yellowish red (5YR 5/6) fine sandy loam, yellowish red (5YR 4/6), moist; moderate coarse prismatic structure parting to weak medium subangular blocky; friable, moderately hard; few fine and few very fine roots; common fine pores; few faint clay films on vertical faces of peds; 2 percent medium masses of calcium carbonate; 1 percent well rounded quartz gravels; slightly effervescent; moderately alkaline. (0 to 32 inches thick)
TYPE LOCATION: Harmon County, Oklahoma; from the intersection of US Highway 62 and OK State Highway 30 in Hollis, OK, about 6 miles north and 2.46 miles east; located about 1250 feet south in a cultivated field that has been reseeded to native grasses; 1250 feet south and 2450 feet east of the northwest corner of Section 6, Township 3 N., Range 25 W.; Latitude: 34 degrees, 45 minutes, 55.60 seconds N; Longitude: 99 degrees, 52 minutes, 7.30 seconds W. Shrewder, Oklahoma topographic quadrangle; NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS:
Particle-size control section (weighted average)
Clay content: 18 to 32 percent
Sand content: 30 to 70 percent
Coarse Fragments: 0 to 3 percent
CEC/clay ratio: more than 0.6
Soil Moisture: A typic-ustic soil moisture regime.
Thickness of the mollic epipedon: 20 to 40 inches
Depth to secondary calcium carbonate: 30 to more than 80 inches
Some pedons have a few redox features below 30 inches
Some pedons have Permian redbed sediments below 60 inches
A Horizon
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 3 to 5 (2 or 3 moist)
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: fine sandy loam, sandy loam, or loamy fine sand
Coarse fragments: 0 to 2 percent rounded gravel
Effervescence: Noneffervescent
Reaction: Slightly acid or neutral (pH 6.1 to7.3)
AB or BA Horizon (where present)
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 3 to 5 (2 or 3 moist)
Chroma: 2 or 3
Texture: fine sandy loam or loam
Clay content: 10 to 20 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 2 percent rounded gravel
Effervescence: Noneffervescent
Reaction: Slightly acid to slightly alkaline (pH 6.1 to7.8)
Upper Bt Horizon
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 3 to 5 (2 or 3 moist)
Chroma: 2 to 4
Texture: sandy clay loam, clay loam, or loam
Clay content: 18 to 32 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 3 percent rounded gravel
Effervescence: Noneffervescent
Reaction: Slightly acid to slightly alkaline (pH 6.1 to 7.8)
Lower Bt and/or Btk Horizon
Hue: 5YR to 10YR
Value: 3 to 5 (2 or 3 moist)
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: sandy clay loam, clay loam, loam, or fine sandy loam
Clay content: 10 to 32 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 5 percent rounded gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 10 percent
Identifiable secondary carbonate: none to common - films, masses, or threads
EC (dS/m): 0 to 2
Gypsum: 0 to 1 percent
SAR: 0 to 4
Effervescence: Noneffervescent to strongly effervescent
Reaction: Neutral to moderately alkaline (pH 6.6 to 8.4)
BC or BCk Horizon
Hue: 2.5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 7 (3 to 6 moist)
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: sandy clay loam, clay loam, loam, or fine sandy loam
Clay content: 10 to 37 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 5 percent rounded gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 15 percent
Identifiable secondary carbonate: none to common - films, masses, or threads
EC (dS/m): 0 to 4
Gypsum: 0 to 2 percent
SAR: 0 to 4
Effervescence: Noneffervescent to strongly effervescent
Reaction: Neutral to moderately alkaline (pH 6.6 to 8.4)
C Horizon
Hue: 2.5YR to 10YR
Value: 4 to 7 (3 to 6 moist)
Chroma: 3 to 6
Texture: variable and ranges from loamy sand to clay
Clay content: 5 to 50 percent
Coarse fragments: 0 to 5 percent rounded gravel
Calcium carbonate equivalent: 0 to 15 percent
EC (dS/m): 0 to 4
Gypsum: 0 to 2 percent
SAR: 0 to 4
Effervescence: Slightly effervescent or strongly effervescent
Reaction: Moderately alkaline (pH 7.9 to 8.4)
COMPETING SERIES: These are the
Cuero,
Hackey,
Smithville,
Texroy,
Tipton, and
Uvas series.
Cuero series: These soils formed in residual material derived from sandstone in a warmer and moister climate
Hackey and Uvas series: These soils occur in a drier climate.
Smithville series: These soils occur on lower terraces in a warmer and moister climate.
Texroy series: These soils have carbonate within 30 inches of the surface and occur in a drier climate.
Tipton series: These soils occur on lower, younger terraces of Holocene or late Pleistocene age.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING:
Parent material: loamy and sandy alluvium
Landform: treads of older stream terraces of Pleistocene age
Slope: 0 to 3 percent
Mean annual air temperature range: 59 to 64 degrees F.
Mean annual precipitation range: 22 to 28 inches
Frost-free period: 200 to 230 days
Elevation: 1000 to 2100 feet
Thornthwaite annual P-E indices: 32 to 44
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the
Abilene,
Devol,
Grandfield,
Grandmore,
McKnight,
Miles, and
Springer series.
Abilene series: These soils have more than 35 percent clay content in the textural control section and occur in slightly lower adjacent positions.
Devol and Springer series: These soils have an ochric epipedon, less than 18 percent clay content in the textural control section, and occur on higher lying convex ridges.
Grandfield, Grandmore, McKnight, and Miles series: These soils have an ochric epipedon and occur on slightly higher lying convex areas.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Permeability is moderate. Runoff is negligible on 0 to 1 percent slopes and low on 1 to 3 percent slopes.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mainly cultivated to cotton, sorghums, alfalfa, and small grains. The native vegetation is mid and tall grasses.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Central Rolling Red Plains of western Oklahoma and northwestern Texas; LRR H; MLRA 78B and 78C; Moderate extent
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Jackson County, Oklahoma; 1959.
REMARKS:
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Mollic epipedon: 0 to 27 inches. (Ap and Bt1 horizons)
Argillic horizon: 17 to 95 inches. (Bt and Btk horizons)
Additional Comments: These soils were included in the Abilene series in some early published surveys.
The assignment of the cation-exchange activity class is supported by laboratory data number S03ok-057-004 from Harmon county, Oklahoma.
Range Site: Oklahoma - Sandy Prairie (078XY073OK)
Texas Sandy Loam Prairie PE 25-36 (078BY088TX)
Sandy Loam Prairie PE 31-44 (078CY110TX)
Loamy Sand Prairie PE 25-36 (078BY082TX)
Soil Interpretation Record Number: OK0036
Taxonomic version: Soil Taxonomy, Second Edition, 1999
ADDITIONAL DATA: NSSL data sampled as Altus # S03ok-057-004