LOCATION ACADIANA LAEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, mixed, active, thermic Oxyaquic Glossudalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Acadiana silt loam--improved pasture. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 5 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; weak fine granular structure; soft, very friable; many fine roots; few fine black iron-manganese concretions; few dark yellowish brown (10YR 3/4) stains around roots; slightly acid; clear smooth boundary. (3 to 8 inches thick)
E--5 to 9 inches; light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) silt loam; weak fine subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; many fine roots; common fine and medium iron-manganese concretions; few medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; moderately acid; clear smooth boundary. (2 to 12 inches thick)
Bt1--9 to 14 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; many fine roots; few fine pores; few faint clay films on surfaces of peds; few fine and medium iron-manganese concretions; common medium prominent yellowish red (5YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation and few medium distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) iron depletions; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary.
Bt2--14 to 19 inches; yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; slightly hard, friable; common fine roots; few fine pores; few faint clay films on surfaces of peds; few fine and medium iron-manganese concretions; common fine prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation and common medium distinct pale brown (10YR 6/3) iron depletions; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the Bt horizons range from 6 to 12 inches.)
Bt/E--19 to 24 inches; 70 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) clay (Bt), and pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt loam (E); strong medium subangular blocky structure; clay is moderately hard, firm; silt loam is slightly hard, friable; common fine roots; few fine and medium pores; common distinct clay films on surfaces of peds; pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay depletions (E material) make up 30 percent of this horizon; the E portion consists of 2 to 4 inch wide bands between peds; few fine and medium iron-manganese concretions; many medium prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; strongly acid; clear smooth boundary. (3 to 13 inches thick)
B't--24 to 32 inches; 35 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), 35 percent red (2.5YR 4/6) and 30 percent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) clay; weak coarse prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; moderately hard, firm; common fine roots; few fine and medium pores; many distinct clay films on surfaces of peds; few fine and medium iron-manganese concretions; areas in the matrix with yellowish brown and red colors are iron accumulations and the areas of gray are iron depletions; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 12 inches thick)
2Btss--32 to 43 inches; 35 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6), 35 percent red (2.5YR 4/6) and 30 percent light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silty clay; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; moderately hard, firm; common distinct slickensides 30 to 90 degrees from horizontal; many distinct clay films on surfaces of peds; few fine and medium iron-manganese concretions; areas with yellowish brown and red colors are iron accumulations and the areas of gray are iron depletions; strongly acid; gradual wavy boundary. (0 to 20 inches thick)
2Bss1--43 to 54 inches; brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; moderately hard, firm; few fine roots; few fine and medium pores; few distinct slickensides 30 to 90 degrees from horizontal; common distinct pressure faces; few medium red (2.5YR 4/6) masses and streaks of iron accumulation and few fine and medium light olive gray (5Y 6/2) iron depletions; moderately acid; gradual wavy boundary.
2Bss2--54 to 66 inches; red (2.5YR 4/6) clay; weak medium prismatic structure parting to moderate medium subangular blocky; moderately hard, firm; few fine roots; few fine and medium pores; few distinct slickensides 30 to 90 degrees from horizontal; common fine and medium iron-manganese concretions; few medium light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions; neutral; gradual wavy boundary. (Combined thickness of the 2Bss subhorizons ranges from 0 to more than 40 inches)
3Bssg1--66 to 75 inches; light olive gray (5Y 6/2) clay; weak coarse prismatic structure; moderately hard, firm; few fine roots; few fine and very fine random tubular pores; many prominent slickensides 30 to 90 degrees from horizontal; many coarse prominent red (2.5YR 4/6) masses of iron accumulation; many fine and medium black and brownish iron-manganese concretions; common medium prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
3Bssg2--75 to 80 inches; light olive gray (5Y 6/2) clay; weak coarse prismatic structure; moderately hard, firm; few fine and very fine random tubular pores; many prominent slickensides 30 to 90 degrees from horizontal; many fine and medium black and brownish iron-manganese concretions; common coarse prominent light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; slightly alkaline. (Combined thickness of the 3Bssg subhorizons range from 0 to more than 40 inches)
TYPE LOCATION: Acadia Parish, Louisiana; 0.6 mile south from junction of U.S. Highway 190 and parish road P7-1 in Basile; 375 feet northwest of pasture gate; (650 feet south and 625 feet east of the center of section 6; Latitude. 30N, 28, 17; Longitude 92W, 36, 35)
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the solum is more than 80 inches. The weighted average clay content of the particle-size control section ranges from 35 to 45 percent. The soil is saturated with water, in one or more layers within 40 inches of the mineral soil surface, for 1 month or more per year in most years. Depth to the glossic horizon ranges from 10 to 30 inches. Aluminum saturation is less than 10 percent in the A and E horizons, 45 to 65 percent in the Bt and B/E horizons, and decreases to less than 20 percent in the Bss horizons.
The A or Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 1 to 3. Where value is 3, the A or Ap horizon is less than 6 inches thick. Texture is silt loam or very fine sandy loam. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to slightly acid.
The E horizon, present in most pedons, has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2 to 4. Texture is silt loam or very fine sandy loam. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to moderately acid.
The BE horizon, present in some pedons, has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 8. Masses of iron accumulation, in shades of brown, range from few to many. Texture is loam, silt loam, or silty clay loam. Reaction is very strongly acid to moderately acid.
The Bt horizon has hue of 7.5YR or 10YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 8. Masses of iron accumulation, in shades of brown or red, range from few to many. Gray iron depletions range from none to few. Texture is silt loam, loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam. Clay content ranges from 18 to 30 percent. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to moderately acid.
The B part of the Bt/E horizon has the same color range as the Bt horizons. Texture is silty clay or clay. The E part of the Bt/E horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 5 to 7, and chroma of 1 to 3. Texture is silt loam or loam. Weighted average clay content of the Bt/E horizon ranges from 40 to 60 percent. Masses of iron accumulation in shades of red or brown, and gray iron depletions range from few to many. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid to moderately acid.
The B't horizon, present in most pedons, has mixed colors in shades of brown, red, and gray. Texture is silty clay or clay with clay content ranging from 40 to 60 percent. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to moderately acid.
The 2Btss horizon, present in most pedons, has mixed colors in shades of brown, red, and gray. Texture is silty clay or clay with clay content ranging from 45 to 60 percent. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to neutral.
The 2Bss horizons have color with hue of 2.5YR to 10YR, value 4 to 6, and chroma of 3 to 6. Texture is clay with clay content ranging from 45 to 60 percent. Masses of iron accumulations in shades of red and brown range from few to common, and iron depletions in shades of gray range from none to common. Reaction ranges from slightly acid to slightly alkaline.
The 3Bssg horizons, where present, have hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 1 or 2. Iron accumulations in shades of red and brown range from few to many. Texture is clay with clay content ranging from 55 to 75 percent. Reaction ranges from neutral to moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no other series in the same family. Similar soils are the Acadia, Anahuac, Gore, Iota, Orcadia, and Woodville series. Anahuac soils have a mollic epipedon and a glossic horizon in the lower part of the pedon. Acadia soils do not have vertic properties within 50 inches of the mineral soil surface. Gore, Iota, and Woodville soils do not have a loamy upper Bt horizon. Orcadia, and also Iota, and Woodville soils have smectitic mineralogy. Iota soils have a clay decrease within 60 inches from the mineral soil surface. In addition, Anahuac and Orcadia soils have a thermic soil temperature regime.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Acadiana soils are on slightly convex slopes above drainageways on uplands. Slopes dominantly are 1 to 3 percent, but range to 5 percent. These soils formed in loamy and clayey alluvium of Pleistocene age. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 67 to 72 degrees F. Mean annual precipation ranges from 55 to 65 inches. Frost free days range from 235 to 300. Elevation ranges from 10 to 80 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Basile, Crowley, Iota, Kaplan, Vidrine, and Kinder soils. Basile soils have a fine-silty particle-size control section and are on flood plains. Crowley and Kaplan soils do not have a glossic horizon and are on convex ridges and sideslopes at higher elevations. Iota soils do not have a glossic horizon and are on steeper side slopes. Kinder soils have a fine-silty particle-size control section and are on broad stream divides at higher elevations. Vidrine soils have a coarse-silty over clayey particle-size control section and are on circular mounds at higher elevations.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Moderately well drained. Permeability is very slow. Runoff is very high. This soil has water perched above the clayey Bt horizon and is saturated from 12 to 36 inches below the soil surface for more than 1 month during December to April, but does not meet aquic conditions in most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of the acreage is in pasture and woodland. Woodland is mostly loblolly pine with mixed hardwoods. Pasture is mainly bahiagrass or common bermudagrass. The remaining acreage is in cropland, mainly cotton, soybeans, corn, wheat, or rice.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Gulf Coast Prairie (MLRA 150A) of Louisiana and possibly Texas in LRR T. The series is of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Temple, Texas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Acadia Parish, Louisiana; 2000.
REMARKS: The Acadiana soils were formerly included in the Acadia series.
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon - 0 to 9 inches (Ap and E horizon).
Argillic horizon - 9 to 43 inches (Bt1, Bt2, Bt/E, B't, and Btss horizons).
Glossic horizon - 19 to 24 inches (Bt/E horizons).
Active class--CEC to clay ratio in the particle-size control section ranges from 0.45 to 0.55.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Laboratory data from the National Soil Survey Laboratory (S93LA-001-18) Acadia Parish, LA.
TAXONOMIC VERSION: Keys to Soil Taxonomy, Ninth Edition, 2003.