LOCATION ACADIA LA+AR MO TXEstablished Series
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine, smectitic, thermic Aeric Epiaqualfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Acadia silt loam--native grass pasture. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Ap--0 to 5 inches; dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) silt loam; many fine very dark brown streaks and mottles; moderate medium granular structure; friable; few medium black concretions; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (4 to 8 inches thick)
E--5 to 9 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) silt loam; few medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) mottles; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; moderately acid; abrupt wavy boundary. (2 to 12 inches thick)
BE--9 to 19 inches; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) silty clay loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; few fine black concretions; common medium distinct light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) iron depletions; few medium faint yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (4 to 14 inches thick)
Btg--19 to 30 inches; light gray (10YR 6/1) silty clay; weak medium subangular blocky structure parting to moderate very fine angular blocky; firm, plastic; few faint patchy clay films on faces of peds; common medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) and few fine prominent red masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (6 to 20 inches thick)
BCg--30 to 50 inches; light gray (10YR 6/1) silty clay; weak medium subangular blocky structure; firm, plastic; common medium distinct light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) and few medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) masses of iron accumulation; very strongly acid; clear wavy boundary. (8 to 30 inches thick)
Cg--50 to 70 inches; light gray (10YR 6/1) silty clay; massive; firm; many medium distinct yellowish brown (10YR 5/8) masses of iron accumulation; slightly acid.
TYPE LOCATION: Evangeline Parish, Louisiana; on field road 0.8 mile south of dirt road to center of Spanish Land Grant, sec. 39, T. 5 S., R. 1 E.; 220 feet north of cross fence, 30 feet east of field road.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Solum thickness ranges from 30 to more than 60 inches. Depth to the fine textured Bt horizon ranges from 10 to 20 inches. The clay content of the upper 20 inches of the argillic horizon averages between 35 and 55 percent.
The A or Ap horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 to 4. Texture is silt loam, loam, or very fine sandy loam. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid through moderately acid.
The E horizon has hue of 10YR or 2.5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2 to 4. Texture is silt loam, loam, or very fine sandy loam. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid through moderately acid. The lower boundary is abrupt.
The BE horizon has hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 4 to 8. Iron accumulations in shades of brown and iron depletions in shades of gray range from few to common. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam . Reaction is very strongly acid or strongly acid. Some pedons have interfingers of albic material in the lower part of the BE horizon and the upper part of the Bt or Btg horizon.
Some pedons have a Bt horizon that has hue of 10YR, value of 5 or 6 and chroma of 3 to 6. Iron accumulations in shades of red and iron depletions in shades of gray range from few to common. Texture is silty clay or clay. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid through moderately acid.
The Btg horizon has hue of 10YR to 5Y, value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 1 or 2. Iron accumulations in shades of red or yellow range from few to common. Texture is clay or silty clay. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid through moderately acid.
The BCg horizon, where present, and Cg horizon have the same color range as the Btg horizon. Texture is clay, silty clay, or silty clay loam. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid through slightly alkaline.
Some pedons have BC or 2BC horizons that have hue of 2.5YR to 7.5YR, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 4 to 8. Texture is silt loam or silty clay loam. Reaction ranges from very strongly acid through slightly alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Ivanhoe and Tensas series in the same family and the Crowley, Dundee, Essen, Gore, Hebert, Hillemann, McGehee, Midland, Patoutville, Springfield, and Stuttgart series in related families. Ivanhoe soils are less acid in the upper part of the soil. Tensas soils have a loamy 2B horizon at depths of 18 to 36 inches. Crowley soils have matrix chroma of 2 or less throughot the solum and have an abupt textural change from the A to the B horizon. Dundee, Essen, Hebert, Hillemann, and McGehee soils lack red mottles and have 18 to 35 percent clay in the argillic horizon. Gore soils have an argillic horizon with a chroma 3 or higher matrix and chroma 1 or 2 iron depletions. Midland soils have a silty clay loam A horizon, have chroma of 2 or less throughout the solum, and do not have red mottles. Patoutville soils have 18 to 35 percent clay in the argillic horizon. Springfield and Stuttgart soils have an abrupt textural change from the A to the B horizon.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Acadia soils are on slightly convex slopes with gradients dominantly from 0.5 to 3 percent but ranging from 0 to 5 percent. These soils formed in clayey alluvium of Pleistocene age. The climate is humid temperate. Mean annual air temperature ranges from about 66 to 80 degrees F. Average annual precipitation ranges from about 48 to 60 inches.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the competing Crowley and Gore series and the Kolin, Muskogee, and Wrightsville series. Kolin soils have less than 35 percent clay in the control section and are more brownish in the B horizon. Muskogee soils are more brownish in the B horizon. Wrightsville soils have intrusions of albic materials in the Bt horizon and have gray matrix colors throughout the sola.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Somewhat poorly drained; medium runoff; very slow permeability. This soil has a water table perched above the clayey Bt horizon and is saturated to within 6 inches of the surface from December through April in most years.
USE AND VEGETATION: About half of the acreage is cleared and used for growing crops and pasture. Main crops are rice, soybeans, and sweet potatoes. The other half is in forest, part of which is grazed.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas. The series is extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Little Rock, Arkansas
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Acadia Parish, Louisiana; 1903.
REMARKS: The Acadia series was previously classified in mixed mineralogy family. Reclassification was based on laboratory data including mineralogy data from typifying pedon (sample no. 81-85) by Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas. Data is published in Soil Survey - Acadia Parish, Louisiana, pages 32 and 33. Lab data were also run by NSSL on pedon S90LA-011-016 .
Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are:
Ochric epipedon..............0 to 19 inches (Ap,E, BE)
Argillic horizon............19 to 30 inches (Btg)
Abrupt textural change.......9 inches (top of the BE horizon)
Aquic conditions............19 to 30 inches (Btg horizon)